OVERVIEW
Marketing
budgets are a business critical tool, as they help you determine what the costs
will be for the various campaigns, programs and activities that the Marketing
Department runs throughout the year. Unfortunately, most marketers don’t know
how or where to begin creating a budget. While business courses in college may
have touched on the subject, the reality is that most marketers learn how to
develop a budget on the job, often through trial-and-error.
This
blog will provide an overview and outline of the basic steps needed to develop
a marketing budget from scratch.
MARKETING BUDGETS AND PURPOSE
Each
company has its own budgeting process. Depending on the company, marketing
budgets may be developed at the beginning of each new year, at the beginning of
a new fiscal year, or even on an as-required basis. The process for allocating
the budget dollars may also be different and may include being developed based
on determining all the associated costs,
allocating a specific percentage of revenue, increasing the amount by a
predetermined percentage over the previous year’s budget, or even by matching
the competition’s marketing spend.
The basic reason why a Marketing budget is created is to
help provide guidelines for planned expenses. But what is the purpose of the
Marketing budget?
Marketing departments are involved in numerous different
types of activities designed to inform and engage customers, as well as help
move them through a sales funnel. Depending on the industry, these activities can
range from more traditional types of marketing, such as email, print and
events, to more digitally-focused activities such as blogs, videos and social
media.
All of these activities, whether inbound or outbound, share
one common trait – they are all very complex and have numerous moving parts.
The Marketing budget is designed to provide not only
guidelines for future expenditures, but also to ensure that you have taken into
consideration all the costs involved in developing and executing the various
planned marketing activities throughout the year.
THE BUDGETING PROCESS
All Marketing budgets are developed following the same basic
steps:
- Know
the business goals
- Determine
what marketing activities will be used to support those goals
- Include
recurring marketing activities, such as conferences, blogs, etc.
- Research
- Determining
the costs
- Develop
the budget
Let’s briefly review each step to help you understand.
STEP 1 – KNOW THE BUSINESS GOALS
Marketing activities are critical to the success of a
business. Whether focused on driving revenue, increasing the number of
accounts, or acquiring new leads, the Marketing organization plays a key role
in accomplishing every one.
However, in order for marketing activities to be successful,
the Marketing organization needs to know what the business goals are. These
goals must be communicated by the business leaders to the Marketing leadership
in order for the Marketing team to determine which activity or activities will
be used to support and meet the business goals.
STEP 2 – DETERMINE MARKETING ACTIVITIES
Marketing is one of the most flexible functions within a
business, because, depending on the business goal, it has a broad pallet of
activities from which to choose to help accomplish the goal. Once the business
goals are known, the determination of which specific marketing activities will
be used to support the business goals is typically made as part of the GTM
strategy development process.
The various marketing actions and activities are the
tactical component that enables the business goals to be met.
STEP 3 – INCLUDE RECURRING ACTIVITIES
In addition to tactical marketing activities, Marketing
organizations often participate in annually recurring events, such as
conferences and trade shows. There may also be other types of recurring
activities that Marketing uses, such as webinars, publications, or blogs. These
events and activities are included as part of the overall GTM strategy and may
be used to accomplish more than one business goal.
Due to the recurring nature of these events and activities,
they must be included and budgeted for in the annual Marketing budget.
STEP 4 – RESEARCH
Once you know the business goals and which type of marketing
activity will be utilized, the next step in the budget development process is to
do some research. This research provides you with a deeper view into your
market and customers, your sales funnel and conversion rates, as well as time
frames for completion of activities.
The categories below outline the type of information you
need to know to develop the Marketing budget.
1) Market information
- Who
is the target audience or customer
- Who
is the competition
- What
is their product
- How
is their product priced and positioned
- How
is your product priced and positioned relative to the competition
- What
is your competitive advantage
- Which
marketing channels do your customers use or are active on
- Which
events are important to your customers
2) Sales funnel information
- How
many leads are generated per month via the various lead generation activities
- What
are the customer touch points throughout the funnel
- What
type of information is needed at each stage of the funnel
- In
what format is that information
- How
much lead nurturing is required
- What
is the conversion rate to SQLs (sales qualified leads)
- What
is the sales close rate
3) Deadlines and time frames for
- Business
goals
- Conferences,
events, trade shows
- Recurring
activities
- Tactical
marketing activities
STEP 5 – DETERMINING THE COSTS
Once you’ve completed the research, you need to determine
the costs that will need to be factored into the budget. This includes the costs
of the various activities and events, recurring costs, vendor costs, as well as
related business costs. This information provides the foundation for developing
the actual budget.
Depending on your company’s accounting practices, items such
as head count, travel and expenses may also need to be included in the budget,
so be certain that you understand your corporate accounting requirements.
Costs may include:
- What
is your business’ average cost per new lead
- What
is the average total customer acquisition cost
- What
is the cost of the marketing activities being considered
- What
are the associated labor costs
- What
are the associated material costs
- What
are the associated vendor costs
- What
are the other costs (travel, lodging, food, etc.)
STEP 6 – DEVELOP THE BUDGET
Once you have completed the necessary research and gathered
the required financial information, it’s time to develop the budget.
The easiest way to calculate the total annual budget request
is to add all of the various costs together to determine the overall budget
number. This reflects the amount of money that Marketing needs to have budgeted
on an annual basis to accomplish all of the business goal(s) and recurring
events as outlined in the GTM strategy. If you require a more detailed
breakout, use the cost estimates you have gathered to develop budgets for
specific events or activities.
In addition to the total cost, you may want to include an
overage factor in the budget. Although this is often not considered part of the
“formal” budgeting process, it does reflect reality. Note that if you do
include this, you need to identify it as such; do not try to hide it in other
categories. This overage factor is used to account for unplanned expenses that
may develop throughout the year. Depending on your industry and the planned GTM
activities, this amount may be from just a few percent on up into double
digits.
SUMMARY
The Marketing budget is intended to be used as a tool to
provide a general guideline for the expenses related to marketing activities
throughout the year. That’s why when you develop a budget, it is important to
include as many components and factors as possible to accurately reflect the
cost.
Bear in mind that in many companies though, Marketing expenditures
are not considered an investment, but instead are viewed as an expense. This
means that the total requested budget amount may or may not be approved, may be
reduced or modified, or may even be given to another department.
However, by following these guidelines, developing a Marketing
budget will be much easier.
© 2020 – Richard Hatheway, Catalyst Strategic Marketing
All rights reserved